Appointing Nominees Vs Joint Account Holding

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From estate planning perspective, What is more important to have in accounts and investments – Joint holder or nominee? This question was asked by Mr Saksham through mail referring to my article on nomination. He specifically singled out point no. 2 at the end of my article where I wrote,

"If you want to further reduce the hassles of the family members, than rather appointing nominee make them joint account holder and keep the mode of operation as "Anyone or survivor" or " Former or survivor". Don't forget to mention the same in your WILL too."

He questioned that if he appoints a joint holder in all his investments than does this mean that there's no need to appoint a nominee. It was a small and direct question but requires a detailed answer so I thought of writing a post on this.

 

About joint account holder

 

1.) Joint holding makes funds accessible to all joint account holders (depending on mode of operation opted), which is not possible in single holding. This helps when primary holder is going through bad health or gets temporary disabled due to accident or in any such situation when primary account holder is not available to sign or operate the account.

2.) Joint holding can help in keeping check on the usage of funds and inculcate some discipline in the personal finance. For e.g. when your children becomes major, and from tax planning perspective you want to gift some amount to him or you want to transfer the funds saved for his/her education into his account, but you are not sure on the financial management ability of him. In such case you can make yourself a joint holder in that account and keep the mode of operation as Joint, so till the time you gain confidence in the financial management ability of your children you can operate the account jointly with them.

3.) Just like the above mentioned case, joint mode of operation between spouses as joint account holders in bank accounts as well as in investments maintains a check on keeping up with the family budget as well as unnecessary withdrawal/redemption of investment for impulsive buying.

4.) Joint holding in some cases helps you saving taxes too. Like in case of joint home loans, both the borrowers can claim tax benefit in the ratio of their ownership. Even if there is rental income on the property or capital gains earned by selling off the same than again both income gets divided among the all owners.

Some misconceptions regarding joint account holders

Joint holders become the co- owners and thus can claim part of the deposit or investment. This is not true. In every financial investment joint holder is added just from operational point of view. Complete ownership, earnings and tax liability would be of the primary holder only.(with only exception of real estate).

Do I have to close my existing account and open a new joint account – No, not required. You can make your existing bank account a joint account. But yes, this may not be possible in the investments that you have made.

Can I make my salary account joint – Yes, your salary account is a normal saving account and you can add joint account holder in it.

Disadvantage of joint account holders:

- The main disadvantage of having joint account holder is that couples may not feel comfortable with the loss of financial independence that comes with a joint bank account, especially early in the marriage.

- Other disadvantage or you can say restriction in joint account holding is that no single holder can make changes in the basic details or structure of account on his own. For change in address, phone numbers, closing of account etc. both account holder signatures are required.

What is advisable joint holder or nominee?

Now lets come to the main question, which one is advantageous to have – Joint account holder or nominee? Can one avoid appointing nominee if there's a joint account holder or if someone has nominee, is there any requirement of joint account holder? Well it is very much clear from the above mentioned detail that if the purpose is easy operation of account in the lifetime or even after death of primary holder, having a joint account holder is always advisable. But nomination also has its own importance. It's like having an alternate to the joint holder. Do keep in mind that neither joint holding nor nomination creates a legal ownership towards funds lying in bank account or joint investments. The legal ownership goes to the person mentioned in the WILL or to the legal heirs as per indian succession act. So the onus lies on you to write a proper WILL and keep joint account holder and nomination both as per your distribution goal. Idea behind all this is that the wealth should be managed and distributed comfortably and without any ambiguity or confusion. You can make the ultimate beneficiary or the one to whom you want to bequeath the particular investment as a joint account holder and alternate beneficiary as nominee who will get the inheritance in case something happens to joint holder or if joint holder predeceases you. Also please note that appointing nominee has been made compulsory in many investment products.

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